Misleading Claims in Health, Fitness, and Nutrition Advertising

Originally published on January 9, 2015 Did You Know that Many Advertising Claims are Literally True but Still Misleading? What if I told you that my brand of headache medicine may make your headache go away faster than another leading brand, such as Excedrin? What would you take my claim to mean? If you are … Read more

Difference Between Aerobic and Anaerobic Exercise

What is Aerobic Exercise? Aerobic Exercise is prolonged moderate intensity exercise that uses up oxygen at a rate at or below the level that the cardio-respiratory system can replenish it. Examples are running, walking, cycling, and swimming. This type of exercise relies primarily on slow-twitch muscle fibers which have high numbers of mitochondria meaning they … Read more

Doctors Need More Training in Nutrition and Exercise?

Trainers are Not Doctors The title of this article, viewed through the lens of the fitness industry, is almost blasphemous. Personal training, as I’ve said before, is the blue-collar job that imagines it is white collar. Trainers think they are smarter than the average M.D. And, even some actual physicians figure it is easier to … Read more

My Trainer Makes Fun of Me on Social Media – Should I Find a New Trainer?

It is as simple as this: Clients expect a certain amount of confidentiality and professionalism when they hire a personal trainer. Most will assume that a fitness trainer will not make their personal business a source of water-cooler gossip, and certainly, they will not expect to be made fun of on social media posts. In … Read more

Why Don’t My Workouts Become Any Easier?

This is a question I am surprised I’ve never mentioned since it is asked so frequently. I decided to look around for answers to this question by personal trainers, and I must say I was disgusted at the results.

First, I was surprised that trainers thought this question could be answered without any further information from a specific person asking the question.

It is not really a clear-cut question. What does someone mean by “easier?” Is easier the same thing as easy? We may never expect our workouts to be easy, but we may feel justified in expecting them to get easier, in some ways, over time. So, this is not a very specific question, although it may seem so. There is one fundamental question I can address before I get started: Does working out get easier? Yes, it absolutely does, and it should. Do not confuse challenging with difficult. The more advanced you become, the more you will WANT to be challenged, and the easier rising to those challenges will feel.

But, let’s say we take the question to mean this:

I find each workout just as challenging as my very first workout. Just as exhausting. Why?

This seems to be how most of the trainers I found answering the question were interpreting it. And their answers were quite consistently wrong! The most common take is that your workouts SHOULD be just as challenging today as your first workout was, say, 3 years ago! This from people assuming the person was under the guidance of a trainer!

So, a person who has been trying to get in shape for a number of years, should still feel just like the first day, when the mere thought of exercising caused them to breathe more heavily? How silly.

The reason most often given is that if your exercise is progressive then the body never adapts. I am so very surprised that basic exercise physiology is not a part of any of these answers. If your body never adapted you could never progress.

The body adapts to progressive overload by “overcompensating.” This means you have a ‘reserve.’ It also means that when you repeat a stimulus, plus add a little more, you should be able to handle it quite well. So, you have to add enough of a stimulus to further challenge the body and give it a reason to adapt further. But this should not mean that you are just as exhausted as the first day!

Most trainers took this question as an excuse to say “that is because I do my job right and exhaust you.”

Absurd. Although your workouts should continue to challenge you, and some workouts will be harder than others, you should not feel as if you are not getting anywhere! Instead, you should begin to feel the results of your hard work in the form of greater stamina, greater strength, better coordination, etc. Instead of workouts being a grueling and exhausting torture session, they should be rewarding.

It is up to you to choose when to push your body to extremes, but if your body always seems pushed to its extremes, then your workouts are running you, instead of you running them. It is not that your workouts should be a walk in the park, but that you should feel ready to meet the challenge of each new session, and eager to exceed your previous level of work.

The idea that your journey to “getting in shape” should never actually include feeling like you are in shape is a bit daft, don’t you think?

What Are Some Reasons Why It Feels Like Your Workouts Never Get Any Easier?

This question is more difficult to answer than it may seem to be at first glance. What do people mean, precisely, by “doesn’t get any easier?” This may depend on your perspective and your physical and psychological tolerance for exertion. If you expect a progressive fitness routine to be a tiptoe through the tulips, for example, you may be experiencing your workouts differently from those who expect a higher level of difficulty. So, we can’t provide exact answers to this question because it is a vague question.

If we were interviewing a person, and they ask this question, we should ask them to clarify what they mean. Still, assuming that the meaning of the question is what I describe above, we could guess at some reasons for this feeling.

1. Your Workouts are Inconsistent and Are Not Reliably Progressive

I would venture to say that most people when they ask this question, do not really mean that their workouts are NEVER easier, but that enough of them feel exhausting and over-difficult to make it seem as if this is pretty much all the workouts.

It could be that many of the workouts are not adding to what has come before, so could be considered maintenance, and then others add way too much, and so are exhausting. This yo-yo back and forth between a maintenance stimulus and over-stimulus could certainly result in the overall perception of “this just never gets any easier.” This does not mean that you can never “go for broke” in a workout. But, if you do this, you should expect to feel more tired.

The rest of the time, you should be adding a moderate amount to what you did last time so that your fitness level is progressing. This way, you should feel tired, but not beat down after each and every session. Remember, easier does not mean the same as ‘easy.’

2. You Are in a State of Over-Reaching or Over-Training

Your workouts are always too much, always have been too much, and you never are quite able to recover. This is not likely to have gone on for a long time, as this kind of thing would cause most people to simply stop exercising, as the results of this punishment negatively affected their lives.

It is actually fairly difficult to reach a true state of ‘over-training’ but many factors besides exercise affect your overall results, including adequate nutrition and rest. Workouts that never get any easier could then be the result of doing too much too soon and falling short in other areas that govern recovery. It is always easier to add things to your exercise program than to take things away.

3. You Exercise Too Intensely Too Often (Frequency is Too High)

This is obviously related to number 2 above, as you could be doing too much too often. However, even workout sessions that would ordinarily be an adequate stimulus, without enough recovery time, could become too much. So, if you are one of those people who has been told to hit it hard every day, and you always feel as if it is an uphill battle, cut back to three times a week or so and see how things go.

How you do this will depend on the type of exercise you prefer. You may need to rearrange your routine, but don’t try to stuff everything you previously did throughout seven days into three days! Pair down your exercise list to a minimum number of essentials (based on your goals). Do essentially the same or similar volume on the exercises that you choose to leave in, see how things go, and add more volume if needed or desired.

4. Your Eating is Inconsistent

One day you eat a truckload and the next you forget to eat most of the day. You don’t have enough energy on board to fuel your workouts. Or, you’ve been trying to lose weight and you’ve cut back calories so much that your body cannot perform during your exercise sessions. You see, most people talk about exercise nutrition in terms of getting nutrition to gain muscle, or to recover from exercise. Hardly anyone talks about it from the other direction, fueling exercise!

You’ll need to look at your eating habits, make sure you are taking in enough calorie energy to meet your performance needs, and try to take in those calories on a somewhat more regular basis. I’ll admit, this is a problem for me! Left to my own devices (without conscious effort) I’d be doing an intense workout one day properly fueled and the next time I’d be using similar intensity and volume virtually fasted! Yes, this would make it seem as if your workouts never get any easier.

Let’s Be Clear: Expect to Be Tired

And sometimes, expect to be exhausted. Here, I am talking about feeling as if each and every workout is the same level of challenge as if you never become better prepared to meet the challenges of your exercise routine. When stated that way, it probably now seems obvious that all your workouts should not feel just as tough as your first ever exercise session.

However, there is another mistaken idea to dispense with, the idea that each workout should be the same challenge, and you should subsequently always feel the same level of fatigue, etc. I have seen coaches making statements such as “Your workouts should never be exhausting. If they are, you are doing something wrong.”

This type of statement is just as absurd as the statements I began with, above. The level of fatigue you feel is based on many factors, that change not just weekly, but daily, and are not only governed by what you do, and how much you do of it. If you feel unduly exhausted after a workout here and there, it does not mean that you are doing everything wrong. It is not that complicated to realize that sometimes you’ll be more tired, and sometimes less tired. If you feel exhausted after each and every workout, this may mean you should cut back. On the other hand, if you never feel exhausted, you may need to be a bit more aggressive. There is no use in trying to dial in some optimal training level at all times.

Specificity Principle (Specificity of Exercise Training or SAID)

Specificity has to do with the specific responses that occur as a result of training. In order for long-term physiological changes or adaptations to occur, a repeated, or chronic, stimuli must be applied to the body, along with progressive overload. This means for new levels of fitness to be achieved, an exercise (the stimulus) must be repeated often over a period of time.

Specificity Principle of Exercise Training

The specificity principle states that these metabolic or physiologic changes are specific to the muscular, cardiorespiratory, and neurologic responses that are required by the exercise activity. The patterns of muscle firing, and the cardiorespiratory responses are the two variables that have the most specific change. 1Ehrman, Jonathan K., Paul M. Gordon, Paul S. Visich, and Steven J. Keteyian. Clinical Exercise Physiology. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 2013.

The specificity principle is also known as SAID or Specific Adaptations to Imposed Demands.

Training specificity tells us that, in order to achieve the greatest gains in our ability to perform a chosen task, the majority of our training must be spent performing that task or tasks that are extremely similar to it. So, for a long distance runner to improve his performance, the majority of training should be spent running long distances. The cardiorespiratory responses (the transport and use of oxygen), and the specific neuronal firing pattern of the muscles, in long distance endurance running, are quite specific. In fact, a marathoner, for instance, would not want to spend very much of his time running a distance of 1600 meters, since marathon distances are much greater than this, while a 1600 meter runner, would find little benefit from training sprint distances.

Listen to the Voice Version

There is evidence of specificity in VO2max between different types of endurance training, as well. This is exemplified by research on swimmers that demonstrated that swim training showed no improvement in VO2max on treadmill running. 2McArdle, William D., Frank I. Katch, and Victor L. Katch. Exercise Physiology: Nutrition, Energy, and Human Performance. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2010. 3Magel, J. R., Et Al. “Specificity of Swim Training on Maximum Oxygen Uptake.” Journal of Applied Physiology 38.1 (1975): 151-55. American Physiological Society. Web. 28 Oct. 2013

The same specificity is true in strength training, and any other performance pursuit. Anaerobic exercise, which is what strength and power training is, produces specific adaptations to strength and power that are quite different from those of aerobic training (See: Difference Between Aerobic and Anaerobic Exercise) Only a very small benefit can be seen between the two types of training. However, as above, the adaptations to training are much more specific than these broad categories suggest and the specificity principle goes much deeper. Just how specific training can be is how most misunderstand specificity. For example, for muscles to adapt to become maximally strong, training intensities of at least 80% and up to 100% of 1RM must be used. See A Bit About Specificity and Transfer Of Training Effect for more on this subject.

There is some overlap between certain activities. This overlap and how the fitness gained from one activity can transfer to another is called transfer of training effect, and this is part of the basis for cross-training. However, the transfer of adaptations from any specific activity to another activity is minimal compared to the training effects of the activity itself. For this reason, we would expect to see some transfer, for instance between the fitness effects of long-distance biking and long distance running. However, since running requires much more load-bearing, and the muscle firing pattern is different, a dedicated bike rider should not expect to be able to compete with a marathoner, and vice versa. 4McArdle, William D., Frank I. Katch, and Victor L. Katch. Exercise Physiology: Nutrition, Energy, and Human Performance. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2010.

See also: Reactive Training: Why Training Be Feel Doesn’t Work

Resources

Resources
1 Ehrman, Jonathan K., Paul M. Gordon, Paul S. Visich, and Steven J. Keteyian. Clinical Exercise Physiology. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 2013.
2, 4 McArdle, William D., Frank I. Katch, and Victor L. Katch. Exercise Physiology: Nutrition, Energy, and Human Performance. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2010.
3 Magel, J. R., Et Al. “Specificity of Swim Training on Maximum Oxygen Uptake.” Journal of Applied Physiology 38.1 (1975): 151-55. American Physiological Society. Web. 28 Oct. 2013